بررسی نگرشها، تجربیات و پیامدهای تاثیر هوش مصنوعی در بهداشت، آموزشوپرورش و دانشگاهها
چکیده
هدف: هوش مصنوعی (AI) بهعنوان یک عامل تحولآفرین در ابعاد مختلف زندگی فردی و اجتماعی، تاثیرات عمیقی بر حوزههای کلیدی نظیر اشتغال و آموزشوپرورش دارد. پذیرش و بهکارگیری موثر این فناوریها به شدت وابسته به درک و نگرشهای عمومی است. با وجود اهمیت این موضوع، اطلاعات جامع و بهروز در سطح ملی درباره چگونگی درک، تجربه و هدف استفاده مردم از AI محدود است.
روششناسی پژوهش: بهطور خاص پتانسیل تغییرات بنیادین در فعالیتهای دانشگاهی، از جمله تحقیق، تدریس و خدمات آموزشی را دارد که پیامدهای عمیقی برای علوم، جامعه، یادگیری و سرمایه اجتماعی به همراه خواهد داشت. پژوهش حاضر با هدف پر کردن این شکافهای تحقیقاتی، دو رویکرد مکمل را ترکیب میکند: نخست، نتایج یک مطالعه پیمایشی مقطعی بر روی 798 کاربر ایرانی برای بررسی نگرشها، تجربیات و اهداف استفاده عمومی نسبت به AI در حوزههای اشتغال، بهداشت و درمان، آموزشوپرورش و دانشگاه و دوم، یک چارچوب مفهومی برای تحلیل تاثیر AI بر آینده فعالیت آموزشی و دانشگاهی در ابعاد فضا، زمان و وظیفه ارایه می دهد.
یافتهها: یافتههای مطالعه پیمایشی نشان میدهد که پاسخدهندگان بهطور کلی، بهویژه در حوزه آموزشوپرورش، نگرشهای نسبتا مثبتی نسبت به AI دارند. با اینحال، تجربه دست اول آنها با کاربردهای خاص AI و هدف استفاده آتی نسبتا پایین بود. تفاوتهای جمعیتی در نگرشها و تجربیات جزیی بود. تحلیلها نشان میدهند که AI پیامدهای قابلتوجهی برای کیفیت علوم، خدمات بهداشت و درمان، ساختار جامعه دانشگاهی، فرایندهای یادگیری و سرمایه اجتماعی به همراه دارد.
اصالت/ارزشافزوده علمی: درمجموع، این پژوهش شکاف میان نگرشهای مثبت عمومی و تجربه محدود با AI را برجسته میسازد و همزمان پتانسیلها و چالشهای عمیق AI برای آینده فعالیت پزشکان، فرهنگیان و دانشگاهیان را تبیین مینماید. یافتهها بر اهمیت افزایش آگاهی عمومی، توسعه چارچوبهای اخلاقی و قانونی مناسب و آمادهسازی جوامع، بهویژه جامعه علمی در ایران، برای پذیرش مسئولانه و موثر AI تاکید دارند.
کلمات کلیدی:
اشتغال، آموزشوپرورش، تجربیات، نگرش عمومی، هوش مصنوعیمراجع
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